Publishing ethics

Ethics OF Publication

PUBLICATION ETHICS AND STATEMENT OF PUBLICATION MALPRACTICE

JAE’s ethical policy depends on the guidelines stated by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), and the JAE Editorial Board complies with these codes of conduct. Also, JAE calls its editors, researchers, reviewers, and readers to follow its ethical policy. Whenever researchers and reviewers follow the ethical policy, JAE editors are liable to accept and publish the original manuscripts and review articles.  Please visit http://publicationethics.org for further details related to the guidelines of JAE’s ethical policy and publishing procedure.

 Publishers’ Responsibilities and Duties

  1. JAE is responsible for ensuring and confirming the final decision taken for submitted manuscripts.
  2. JAE is responsible for making professional judgements, and no place for any commercial interests.
  3. JAE is responsible for maintaining publishing transparency and the integrity of academic manuscripts.
  4. JAE has an essential duty to maintain and assess the publishing ethics and policy of the Editorial Board, including the Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Secretary, Managing Editor, Authors, Reviewers, and Readers.
  5. JAE is responsible for constant checking of the plagiarism of the submitted manuscript, taking the legal process for any fraudulent data issues.
  6. JAE is always willing to publish clarifications, retractions, and corrections when needed.

Editors’ Responsibilities and Duties

  1. JAE’s editors have complete responsibility to accept or reject a submitted manuscript.
  2. JAE’s editors have complete confidence in maintaining the confidentiality from reviewing to publishing of submitted manuscripts.
  3. JAE’s Editor-in-Chief has complete responsibility to decide on accepting or rejecting the submitted manuscripts based on the peer-reviewing process.
  4. JAE’s editors have complete responsibility and duty to disclose and avoid conflicts of interest.
  5. JAE’s editors have complete responsibility to maintain academic transparency and integrity to meet COPE’s guidelines in considering the submitted manuscripts.
  6. JAE’s editors have the complete responsibility and duty to investigate the submitted manuscript for plagiarism to avoid fraudulent data issues. Clarifications, retractions, and corrections will be made and stated when needed.
  7. JAE’s editor's responsibility and duty should be limited to issues related to the intellectual content.
  8. JAE’s editors have no right to disclose any details related to the submitted manuscripts, except to the corresponding authors, to maintain the peer-reviewing process.
  9. JAE’s editors have no right to use the data or materials of unpublished manuscripts; Otherwise, corresponding authors need to be consulted with written approval or consent

Reviewers’ Responsibilities and Duties

  1. JAE’s reviewers are called to assist the journal’s editors in making a solid, correct decision in accepting or rejecting the publication of a submitted manuscript.
  2. JAE’s reviewers are responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of the manuscripts that they are invited to review.
  3. JAE’s reviewers are welcome to submit comments that can help the journal’s editors reach a correct decision.
  4. JAE’s reviewers are responsible for conducting the manuscript’s peer-reviewing process confidentially and not using the manuscript's content for their advantage. 
  5. JAE’s reviewers are called to submit objective, professional, and technical comments for manuscripts under review.
  6. JAE’s reviewers are called to state officially if conflicts of interest with any authors, institutions, or companies are found.
  7. JAE’s reviewers are called to disclose and to avoid any conflicts of interest.

Authors’ Responsibilities and Duties

  1. JAE’s authors are called to submit their manuscripts in proper English and Arabic (English is more preferable). Authors are responsible for checking the language and style of the manuscripts.
  2. JAE’s authors are called to state that the submitted manuscript is not under consideration by another journal.
  3. JAE calls the corresponding author to be responsible for ensuring that the other co-authors have already approved the format of the submitted manuscript
  4. JAE call authors to participate actively in the process of reviewing manuscripts of others.
  5. JAE sometimes calls authors to submit the approval of their institutions when the editors believe the data has its unique importance.
  6. JAE calls the authors to accept the editing format and procedures taken by the journal’s editors for a proper state of readability and to avoid instances of confusion or misunderstanding.
  7. JAE calls the author to display or identify the name and affiliation of the financial sponsor. Also, they are required to determine the other supporters in conducting the manuscripts.
  8. E calls the authors to select one author to be the corresponding author throughout the process from peer-reviewing to final publication steps.
  9. JAE calls authors to send direct notifications to the journal’s editors if they discover or find significant errors or inaccuracies to retract and correct their manuscripts. If the authors neglect or refuse to check the final checking or proofreading of the manuscripts, JAE will be free to do these corrections or not. 
  10. JAE calls authors to inform them that their manuscripts are subject to screening using Plagiarism Prevention Software, Turnitin. Manuscripts will be rejected if violations of publication ethics are found.
  11. JAE calls to all authors of the submitted manuscript to check the final version of their work before being displayed in print or electronically.

Transparency Principles

  1. Peer review process:JAE is a double-blinded, peer-reviewed print and electronic bimonthly publication, concerned with various topics, such as administration, economics, and statistics. This process, as well as any publication ethics and policies related to the journal’s peer review procedures, is clearly described on the journal’s website. (Publishing ethics | Journal of Administration and Economics)  
  1. Editorial Board: The Editorial Board of JAE is a solid body of recognised experts in the subject areas included within the journal’s scope, such as administration, economics, statistics, etc. The full affiliations of the journal’s Editorial Board are found on the journal’s editorial team's webpage (Editorial board of the magazine | Journal of Administration and Economics)
  2. Contact information: JAE gives the complete contact information for the editorial office of the journal on the following link: contact | Journal of (Administration and Economics (
  3. Author fees / Access: The Journal database is open access. Full texts of published articles are available for download for researchers and readers who can access the Journal website free of cost. Besides, the authors should pay the article publication fee, which is 125,000 ID + an unrefundable 10,000 ID for the plagiarism report.    
  4. Identification of and dealing with allegations of research misconduct: JAE’s Editor-in-Chief is responsible for taking reasonable steps to identify and stop the publication of manuscripts violating the publication ethics, including plagiarism, citation manipulation, and data fabrication/falsification, and the like.
  5. Website: The journal’s website (Archives | Journal of Administration and Economics) reveals the detailed information that ensures these high ethical and professional standards are academically taken into consideration, following COPE’s guidelines.
  6. Name of journal: The Journal of Administration and Economics (JAE) has a unique name that is not easily confused with other journals
  7. Conflicts of interest: JAE ask authors to display if impending conflicts do or do not exist while submitting their manuscripts to the journal through the Conflict of Interest Disclosure Form available online.
  8. Publishing schedule: The periodicity at which JAE publishes is indicated (Publishing ethics | Journal of Administration and Economics)
  9. Archiving: JAE has a plan for electronic backup and preservation of access to the journal content, as indicated in the following link: (Archives | Journal of Administration and Economics).

Cases of Violation of Publication Ethics

  • Plagiarism: JAE regards plagiarism as a serious violation of publication ethics. Plagiarism means intentionally using original ideas, data, figures, or tables or other scientific materials of other researchers without citation or documentation. In many universities, all manuscripts under review or published with JAE are subject to screening using CrossCheck, powered by Turnitin, as a plagiarism-prevention software. JAE is not responsible for incorrect use of this software by the author when the manuscript is under review.
  • Data Fabrication and Falsification: JAE calls researchers to submit manuscripts with original data; otherwise, if the journal finds out that the data is fabricated and falsified, it will be considered a violation of fraud. Data falsification and fabrication include instances of faked experiments, modified existing data, or modified conclusions of other research findings.
  • Simultaneous Submission: JAE rejects or retracts a simultaneous submission when sections from a manuscript or the whole manuscript are submitted to the journal while it is already under consideration by another journal.
  • Duplicate Publication:   JAE retract or rejects manuscripts with duplicate publication without full cross-referencing, especially if these duplicated ones have or share the same parts like hypotheses, data, discussion points, and conclusions.
  • Redundant Publications: JAE rejects or retracts redundant publications that involve the inappropriate division of study outcomes into several articles, or submit redundant data in new submissions.
  • Improper Author Contribution or Attribution: JAE may contact all listed authors regarding their roles in writing the submitted manuscripts. The journal will reject manuscripts if they do not list all authors, whether scholars, laboratory technicians, or students.
  • Citation Manipulation: JAE prohibits excessive citation of the authors’ published manuscripts that have no actual relevance or contribute to the content of the submitted one. This leads the journal to regard this as a form of misconduct.
  • Sanctions: If any of these instances of violation of publication ethics and COPE’s guidelines are found, the following sanctions will be applied:
  • JAE immediately rejects the infringing manuscript,
  • JAE notifies other academic journals to reject the infringing manuscript immediately
  • JAE imposes a minimum of 36-month prohibition against the corresponding author and other authors of the infringing manuscript for submitting new manuscripts individually or collectively, and
  • JAE prohibits authors with infringing manuscripts from serving as reviewers and Editorial Board members.

Procedures Taken in Handling Cases of Misconduct

If instances of violating JAE’s policy and publication ethics are found, the following steps will be taken by the journal:

  1. JAE’s editors inform the Editorial Office of JEASD to supply a draft letter to the corresponding author with copies of the relevant material to justify the concerned issues.
  2. JAE’s editors inform the Editorial Board if they find the authors’ justification and reasons for their unethical conduct are unsatisfactory. JAE’s Editorial Board has complete responsibility and duty to decide whether to decline the publication or to ban future submissions.
  3. JAE’s Editor-in-Chief sends a letter of disapproval to the corresponding author to remind them of the journal’s policy and ethics of publication. If the manuscript is published, the editors have the right to ask the authors to write a written apology to correct the record.
  4. JAE’s editors inform the authors to take full responsibility for future violations of the journal’s policy and publication ethics. Immediate and permanent notification of rejection will be sent to the authors.
  5. JAE prohibits authors with violations of the journal’s policy and publication ethics from being reviewers or members of the journal’s Editorial Board.
  6. JAE’s Editor-in-Chief, in extreme cases of fraudulent data issues, sends notifications to the authors' institution to prohibit those authors from submitting their work to the journal for five years.
  7. JAE, in severe fraud cases with instances of retracting the article, publish an online notification of the details of retraction in the journal with extra details of the manuscripts’ DOI and URL.

 

 

Process for Journal Appeals and Complaints

JAE’s Editorial Board welcome well-structured appeals and complaints; consequently, these will be comprehensively assessed and handled. If these appeals and complaints are valid, the editors will take the suitable procedure to reassess and review the manuscripts. A new decision should be taken based on the latest peer-review process. It is important to restate that JAE carefully considers these procedures related to appeals, complaints and peer-reviewing with these guidelines of COPE, pre- and post-publishing of manuscripts.

After receiving the complaints, JAE’s editors carefully review them and address the issues raised by the researchers following COPE’s guidelines. JAE may take the necessary procedures to call other institutions for further details. After completing the steps of complaints, JAE will review the outcomes of its investigation, and the new published record will be uploaded for consideration. Notes to the new corrected format may be added for clarification. JAE may take a rejection decision if the guidelines of COPE are not followed in any earlier steps. To confirm publishing transparency and integrity of the published record, JAE will send emails to the researchers for their final decision. Also, a permanent DOI and URL linking researchers and readers directly to the final format will be issued.

PUBLICATION ETHICS AND PUBLICATION MALPRACTICE STATEMENT

The ethical policy of JAE is based on the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines and complies with the JAE Editorial Board codes of conduct. Readers, authors, reviewers, and editors should follow these ethical policies once working with JAE. In addition, the ethical policy of JAE is liable to determine which of the typical research papers or articles submitted to the journal should be published in the concerned issue. For information on this matter in publishing and ethical guidelines, please visit http://publicationethics.org.

 Duties and Responsibilities of Publishers

  1. JAE is committing to ensure that editorial decisions on manuscript submissions are final.
  2. JAE is promising to ensure that the decision on manuscript submissions is only made based on professional judgment and will not be affected by any commercial interests.
  3. JAE is committing to maintaining the integrity of academic and research records.
  4. JAE monitors the ethics of the Editor-in-Chief, Associate Editors, Editorial Board Members, Reviewers, Authors, and Readers.
  5. JAE is always checking the plagiarism and fraudulent data issues involved in the submitted manuscript.
  6. JAE is always willing to publish corrections, clarifications, and retractions involving its publications as and when needed.

Duties and Responsibilities of Editors

  1. The Editors of the journal should have the full authority to reject/accept a manuscript.
  2. The Editors of the journal should maintain the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts under review or until they are published.
  3. The Editor-in-Chief should decide on submitted manuscripts, whether published or not, with other editors and reviewers.
  4. The Editors of the journal should preserve the anonymity of reviewers.
  5. The Editors of the journal should disclose and try to avoid any conflict of interest.
  6. The Editors of the journal should maintain academic integrity and strive to meet the needs of readers and authors.
  7. Journal editors should be willing to investigate plagiarism and fraudulent data issues and be willing to publish corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed.
  8. The Editors of the journal should limit themselves only to the intellectual content.
  9. The journal editors must not disclose any information about submitted manuscripts to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.
  10. Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted paper will not be used by the editor or the editorial board members for their own research purposes without the author's explicit written consent.

Duties and Responsibilities of Reviewers

  1. The Reviewers of the journal should assist the Editors in deciding to publish the submitted manuscripts.
  2. The Reviewers should maintain the confidentiality of the manuscripts, that they are invited to review.
  3. The Reviewers should provide comments in time that will help editors to make a decision on whether the submitted manuscript is to be published or not.
  4. The Reviewers are bound to treat the manuscript received for peer reviewing as confidential and must not use the information obtained through peer review for personal advantage. 
  5. The Reviewers' comments against each invited manuscript should be technical, professional, and objective.
  6. The Reviewers should not review the manuscripts in which they have found conflicts of interest with any authors, companies, or institutions.
  7. The Reviewers should disclose and try to avoid any conflict of interest.

Duties and Responsibilities of Authors

  1. Manuscripts must be submitted in English (besides English, only articles in the field of architectural engineering are allowed to submit in Arabic) and should be written according to sound grammar and proper terminology.
  2. Manuscripts must be submitted to understand that they have not been published elsewhere and are not currently under consideration by another journal published by or any other publisher.
  3. The submitting corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all the other co-authors have approved the manuscript article's publication.
  4. To sustain the peer review system, authors have an obligation to participate in the peer-review process to evaluate manuscripts from others. 
  5. It is also the author's responsibility to ensure that the manuscripts emanating from a particular institution are submitted with the approval of the necessary institution.
  6. It is a condition for submitting a manuscript that the authors permit editing of the paper for readability.
  7. Authors are requested to clearly identify who provided financial support for the conduct of research and/or preparation of the manuscript and briefly describe the role of the founder/ sponsor in any part of the work.
  8. All authors have agreed to allow the corresponding author to correspond with the editorial office to review the edited manuscript and proof.
  9. When the author(s) discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher to retract or correct the manuscript. 
  10. All authors must know that the submitted manuscripts under review or published with JAE are subject to screening using Plagiarism Prevention Software. Plagiarism is a serious violation of publication ethics. 
  11. All authors must ensure that all authors have read the submission final checklist before being submitted to the JAE.

Principles of Transparency

  1. Peer review process: JAE is a double-blind peer-reviewed electronic and print bimonthly publication concerned with various engineering topics. This process, as well as any policies related to the journal’s peer (https://admics.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/admeco)  review procedures, is clearly described on the journal’s website:.
  2. Governing Body: JAE has a solid editorial board whose members are recognized experts in the engineering subject areas included within the journal’s scope. The full names and affiliations of the journal’s editors are provided on the journal’s editorial team's webpage (https://admics.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/admeco)
  3. Contact information: Journal provided the contact information for the editorial office of JAE )https://admics.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/admeco/libraryFiles/downloadPublic/25(
  4. Author fees / Access: The Journal database is fully open access. Full text of published articles is available for everyone who can access the Journal website free of cost. Besides, the authors should pay the article publication fee, which amounts to (135،000 ID)  will be in two installments: (the first is 10,000 ID for electronic plagiarism, the second installment is 125,000 ID (non_refundable)  for scientific and language evaluation.
  5. Identification of and dealing with allegations of research misconduct: Editor-in-Chief takes reasonable steps to identify and prevent the publication of papers where research misconduct has occurred, including plagiarism, citation manipulation, and data falsification/fabrication, among others.
  6. Website: A journal’s website (https://admics.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/admeco) contains that care has been taken to ensure high ethical and professional standards.
  7. Name of journal: The Journal name of the Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development (JAE) has unique and no one that is easily confused with other journals
  8. Conflicts of interest: Authors are asked whether impending conflicts do or do not exist while submitting their articles to JAE through the Conflict of Interest Disclosure form.
  9. Publishing schedule: The periodicity at which a journal publishes is clearly indicated (https://admics.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/admeco)
  10. Archiving: A journal’s plan for electronic backup and preservation of access to the journal content is clearly indicated (https://admics.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq/index.php/admeco).

Violation of Publication Ethics

  1. Plagiarism: Plagiarism intentionally uses someone else’s ideas or other original material as if they are one's own. Copying even one sentence from someone else’s manuscript, or even one of your own that has previously been published, without proper citation, is considered by JAE Journals as plagiarism. All manuscripts under review or published with JAE are subject to screening using plagiarism-prevention software. Thus, plagiarism is a serious violation of publication ethics. The development of CrossCheck is a service that helps editors to verify the originality of papers. CrossCheck is powered by Turnitin software, known in the academic community as a provider of Turnitin.  For a searchable list of all journals in the CrossCheck database.
  2. Data Fabrication and Falsification: Data fabrication and falsification mean the researcher did not carry out the study but made up data or results and recorded or reported the fabricated information. Data falsification means the researcher did the experiment but manipulated, changed, or omitted data or results from the research findings.
  3. Simultaneous Submission: Simultaneous submission occurs when a manuscript (or substantial sections from a manuscript) is submitted to a journal when it is already under consideration by another journal.
  4. Duplicate Publication: Duplicate publication occurs when two or more papers, without full cross-referencing, share essentially the same hypotheses, data, discussion points, and conclusions.
  5. Redundant Publications: Redundant publications involve the inappropriate division of study outcomes into several articles, most often consequent to the desire to plump academic vitae.
  6. Improper Author Contribution or Attribution: All listed authors must have made a significant scientific contribution to the research in the manuscript and approved all its claims. Don’t forget to list everyone who made a significant scientific contribution, including students and laboratory technicians.
  7. Citation Manipulation: Citation Manipulation includes excessive citations in the submitted manuscript that do not contribute to the scholarly content of the article and have been included solely to increase citations to a given author’s work or articles published in a particular journal. This leads to misrepresenting the importance of the specific work and journal in which it appears and is thus a form of scientific misconduct.
  8. Sanctions: If there are documented violations of any of the above mentioned policies in any journal, regardless of whether or not the violations occurred in a journal, the following sanctions will be applied: (i) Immediate rejection of the infringing manuscript, (ii)Immediate rejection of every other manuscript submitted to any journal published by any of the authors of the infringing manuscript, (iii) Prohibition will be imposed for a minimum of 36 months against all of the authors for any new submissions to any journal, either individually or in combination with other authors of the infringing manuscript, and (iv) Prohibition against all of the authors from serving on the Editorial Board of any journal.

Handling Cases of Misconduct

Once JAE confirms a violation against JAE’s publication ethics, JAE addresses ethical concerns diligently, following an issue-specific standard practice as summarized below.

  1. The first action of the journal Editor is to inform the Editorial Office of JEASD by supplying copies of the relevant material and a draft letter to the corresponding author asking for an explanation in a nonjudgmental manner.
  2. If the author’s explanation is unacceptable and it seems that serious unethical conduct has occurred, the matter is referred to the Editorial board via the Editorial Office.  After deliberation, the editorial board will decide whether the case is sufficiently serious to warrant a ban on future submissions. 
  3. If the infraction is less severe, the Editor, upon the advice of the Publication Committee, sends the author a letter of disapproval and reminds the author about JAE publication and ethical policies; if the manuscript has been published, the Editor may request the author to publish an apology in the journal to correct the record.
  4. Notification will be sent to the corresponding author. Any work by the author responsible for the violation or any work these persons co-authored under review by the JAE journal will be rejected immediately.
  5. The authors are prohibited from serving on the JAE editorial board and serving as a reviewer for JAE Journal. However, JAE reserves the right to take more action.
  6. In extreme cases, notifications will be sent to the authors' affiliations, and the authors are prohibited from submitting their work to JAE for 5 years.
  7. In serious fraud cases that result in the retraction of the article, a retraction notice will be published in the journal and linked to the article in the online version. The online version will also be marked “retracted” with the retraction date.

Journal Complaints and Appeals Process

Comprehensive well-evidenced appeals to editorial decisions are welcome and will be handled by the journal's editor(s) in the first instance, who will assess the appeal's validity. If valid, the journal's editorial board and/or external peer reviewers will review the appeal. A new editorial decision will be made based on the results of this review.

JAE will carefully consider complaints, appeals, and allegations in line with guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). This applies both pre-and post-publication.

When a complaint is made to a journal, it must be passed to the journal's editor(s), who must then address the issue following COPE guidelines. Where necessary, allegations will be referred to the appropriate institution for further investigation. Pending the outcome of an investigation, the published record will be updated accordingly, with a post-publication notice in the form of either a correction or a retraction. This notice will be linked to the original article. A permanent digital object identifier (DOI) and universal resource locator (URL) link between the notice and the full article enhances transparency and the integrity of the publication record; only in rare cases, where it is in the public interest, will an article be removed.